{"id":942,"date":"2016-12-03T23:34:12","date_gmt":"2016-12-03T14:34:12","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/promea2014.com\/blog\/?p=942"},"modified":"2016-12-12T10:43:41","modified_gmt":"2016-12-12T01:43:41","slug":"post-942","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/promea2014.com\/blog\/?p=942","title":{"rendered":"\u767a\u9054\u969c\u5bb3\u3092\u751f\u307e\u308c\u3064\u304d\u306e\u8133\u306e\u6a5f\u80fd\u969c\u5bb3\u3068\u6c7a\u3081\u3064\u3051\u308b\u5371\u3046\u3055"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u6628\u65e5\u306e\u30c6\u30ec\u30d3\u300c\u91d1\u30b9\u30de\u300d\u3067\u6817\u539f\u985e\u3055\u3093\u3068\u30d4\u30a2\u30cb\u30b9\u30c8\u306e\u91ce\u7530\u3042\u3059\u304b\u3055\u3093\u306e\u767a\u9054\u969c\u5bb3\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u653e\u9001\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u78ba\u304b\u306b\u3001\u300c\u666e\u901a\u300d\u306e\u4eba\u3068\u306f\u9055\u3046\u611f\u3058\u304c\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n

\u539a\u751f\u52b4\u50cd\u7701\u306e\u30db\u30fc\u30e0\u30da\u30fc\u30b8\u3067\u306f\u3001\u300c\u767a\u9054\u969c\u5bb3\u300d\u3068\u306f\u3001\u3067\u3053\u3093\u306a\u8aac\u660e\u304c\u66f8\u3044\u3066\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n

\u751f\u307e\u308c\u3064\u304d\u306e\u7279\u6027\u3067\u3001\u300c\u75c5\u6c17\u300d\u3068\u306f\u7570\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059<\/span><\/h3>\n

\u767a\u9054\u969c\u5bb3\u306f\u3044\u304f\u3064\u304b\u306e\u30bf\u30a4\u30d7\u306b\u5206\u985e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u81ea\u9589\u75c7\u3001\u30a2\u30b9\u30da\u30eb\u30ac\u30fc\u75c7\u5019\u7fa4\u3001\u6ce8\u610f\u6b20\u5982\u30fb\u591a\u52d5\u6027\u969c\u5bb3(ADHD)\u3001\u5b66\u7fd2\u969c\u5bb3\u3001\u30c1\u30c3\u30af\u969c\u5bb3\u306a\u3069\u304c\u542b\u307e\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/span>
\n \u3053\u308c\u3089\u306f\u3001\u751f\u307e\u308c\u3064\u304d\u8133\u306e\u4e00\u90e8\u306e\u6a5f\u80fd\u306b\u969c\u5bb3\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u70b9\u304c\u5171\u901a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u540c\u3058\u4eba\u306b\u3001\u3044\u304f\u3064\u304b\u306e\u30bf\u30a4\u30d7\u306e\u767a\u9054\u969c\u5bb3\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3082\u73cd\u3057\u304f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u305d\u306e\u305f\u3081\u3001\u540c\u3058\u969c\u5bb3\u304c\u3042\u308b\u4eba\u540c\u58eb\u3067\u3082\u307e\u3063\u305f\u304f\u4f3c\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u3088\u3046\u306b\u898b\u3048\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u500b\u4eba\u5dee\u304c\u3068\u3066\u3082\u5927\u304d\u3044\u3068\u3044\u3046\u70b9\u304c\u3001\u300c\u767a\u9054\u969c\u5bb3\u300d\u306e\u7279\u5fb4\u3068\u3044\u3048\u308b\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u300c\u969c\u5bb3\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u306e\u306f\u3001\u7c21\u5358\u306b\u8a00\u3048\u3070\u6cbb\u7642\u3067\u306f\u6cbb\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3002\u300c\u751f\u307e\u308c\u3064\u304d\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u306e\u306f\u3001\u7c21\u5358\u306b\u8a00\u3048\u3070\u304a\u6bcd\u3055\u3093\u306e\u304a\u8179\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u3059\u3067\u306b\u8133\u304c\u969c\u5bb3\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001\u672c\u5f53\u306b\u6cbb\u3089\u306a\u3044\u300c\u8133\u300d\u306e\u300c\u969c\u5bb3\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u672c\u5f53\u306b\u300c\u751f\u307e\u308c\u3064\u304d\u300d\u306a\u306e\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b\uff1f<\/p>\n

\uff21\uff24\uff28\uff24\u306e\u8a3a\u65ad\u57fa\u6e96\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n

DSM-5\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u6ce8\u610f\u6b20\u5982\u30fb\u591a\u52d5\u6027\u969c\u5bb3\uff08ADHD\uff1aAttention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder\uff09\u306e\u8a3a\u65ad\u57fa\u6e96<\/b><\/span>
\n \uff21\uff11\uff1a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u4e0d\u6ce8\u610f\u75c7\u72b6\u304c\uff16\u3064\uff0817\u6b73\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3067\u306f5\u3064\uff09\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3042\u308a\u30016\u30f6\u6708\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306b\u308f\u305f\u3063\u3066\u6301\u7d9a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/span>
\n a.\u7d30\u3084\u304b\u306a\u6ce8\u610f\u304c\u3067\u304d\u305a\u3001\u30b1\u30a2\u30ec\u30b9\u30df\u30b9\u3092\u3057\u3084\u3059\u3044\u3002<\/span>
\n b.\u6ce8\u610f\u3092\u6301\u7d9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u56f0\u96e3\u3002<\/span>
\n c.\u4e0a\u306e\u7a7a\u3084\u6ce8\u610f\u6563\u6f2b\u3067\u3001\u8a71\u3092\u304d\u3061\u3093\u3068\u805e\u3051\u306a\u3044\u3088\u3046\u306b\u898b\u3048\u308b\u3002<\/span>
\n d.\u6307\u793a\u306b\u5f93\u3048\u305a\u3001\u5bbf\u984c\u306a\u3069\u306e\u8ab2\u984c\u304c\u679c\u305f\u305b\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/span>
\n e.\u8ab2\u984c\u3084\u6d3b\u52d5\u3092\u6574\u7406\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/span>
\n f.\u7cbe\u795e\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u306e\u6301\u7d9a\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u8ab2\u984c\u3092\u5acc\u3046\u3002<\/span>
\n g.\u8ab2\u984c\u3084\u6d3b\u52d5\u306b\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u3082\u306e\u3092\u5fd8\u308c\u304c\u3061\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/span>
\n h.\u5916\u90e8\u304b\u3089\u306e\u523a\u6fc0\u3067\u6ce8\u610f\u6563\u6f2b\u3068\u306a\u308a\u3084\u3059\u3044\u3002<\/span>
\n i.\u65e5\u3005\u306e\u6d3b\u52d5\u3092\u5fd8\u308c\u304c\u3061\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\uff21\uff12\uff1a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u591a\u52d5\u6027\/\u885d\u52d5\u6027\u306e\u75c7\u72b6\u304c\uff16\u3064\uff0817\u6b73\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3067\u306f5\u3064\uff09\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3042\u308a\u30016\u30f6\u6708\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306b\u308f\u305f\u3063\u3066\u6301\u7d9a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/span>
\n a.\u7740\u5e2d\u4e2d\u306b\u3001\u624b\u8db3\u3092\u3082\u3058\u3082\u3058\u3057\u305f\u308a\u3001\u305d\u308f\u305d\u308f\u3057\u305f\u52d5\u304d\u3092\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/span>
\n b.\u7740\u5e2d\u304c\u671f\u5f85\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u9762\u3067\u96e2\u5e2d\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/span>
\n c.\u4e0d\u9069\u5207\u306a\u72b6\u6cc1\u3067\u8d70\u308a\u56de\u3063\u305f\u308a\u3088\u3058\u767b\u3063\u305f\u308a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/span>
\n d.\u9759\u304b\u306b\u904a\u3093\u3060\u308a\u4f59\u6687\u3092\u904e\u3054\u3059\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/span>
\n e.\u885d\u52d5\u306b\u99c6\u3089\u308c\u3066\u7a81\u304d\u52d5\u304b\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306a\u611f\u3058\u304c\u3057\u3066\u3001\u3058\u3063\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/span>
\n f.\u3057\u3083\u3079\u308a\u3059\u304e\u308b\u3002<\/span>
\n g.\u8cea\u554f\u304c\u7d42\u308f\u308b\u524d\u306b\u3046\u3063\u304b\u308a\u7b54\u3048\u59cb\u3081\u308b\u3002<\/span>
\n h.\u9806\u756a\u5f85\u3061\u304c\u82e6\u624b\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/span>
\n i.\u4ed6\u306e\u4eba\u306e\u90aa\u9b54\u3092\u3057\u305f\u308a\u3001\u5272\u308a\u8fbc\u3093\u3060\u308a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\uff22\uff1a\u4e0d\u6ce8\u610f\u3001\u591a\u52d5\u6027\/\u885d\u52d5\u6027\u306e\u75c7\u72b6\u306e\u3044\u304f\u3064\u304b\u306f12\u6b73\u307e\u3067\u306b\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u3066\u3044\u305f\u3002<\/span>
\n \uff23\uff1a\u4e0d\u6ce8\u610f\u3001\u591a\u52d5\u6027\/\u885d\u52d5\u6027\u306e\u75c7\u72b6\u306e\u3044\u304f\u3064\u304b\u306f\uff12\u3064\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u74b0\u5883\uff08\u5bb6\u5ead\u30fb\u5b66\u6821\u30fb\u8077\u5834\u30fb\u793e\u4ea4\u5834\u9762\u306a\u3069\uff09\u3067\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<\/span>
\n \uff24\uff1a\u75c7\u72b6\u304c\u793e\u4f1a\u30fb\u5b66\u696d\u30fb\u8077\u696d\u6a5f\u80fd\u3092\u640d\u306d\u3066\u3044\u308b\u660e\u3089\u304b\u306a\u8a3c\u62e0\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/span>
\n \uff25\uff1a\u7d71\u5408\u5931\u8abf\u75c7\u3084\u4ed6\u306e\u7cbe\u795e\u969c\u5bb3\u306e\u7d4c\u904e\u3067\u751f\u3058\u305f\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3089\u3067\u8aac\u660e\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3082\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u3053\u306e\u8a3a\u65ad\u57fa\u6e96\u306b\u306f\u300c\u8133\u300d\u306e\u691c\u67fb\u304c\u5168\u304f\u542b\u307e\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u3064\u307e\u308a\u3001\u75c7\u72b6\u3060\u3051\u3067\u8a3a\u65ad\u3059\u308b\u308f\u3051\u3067\u3059\u3002\u8133\u306e\u691c\u67fb\u3082\u306a\u3057\u306b\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3067\u3082\u8133\u306e\u969c\u5bb3\u3068\u6c7a\u3081\u3064\u3051\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u306e\u306f\u5371\u967a\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b\uff1f<\/p>\n

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\u5168\u6587\u306f\u3053\u3053<\/a>\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n

Is Adult ADHD a Childhood-Onset Neurodevelopmental Disorder? Evidence From a Four-Decade Longitudinal Cohort Study <\/span><\/h3>\n
Abstract<\/span><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
Objective:<\/span><\/div>\n
Despite a prevailing assumption that adult ADHD is a childhood-onset neurodevelopmental disorder, no prospective longitudinal study has described the childhoods of the adult ADHD population. The authors report follow-back analyses of ADHD cases diagnosed in adulthood, alongside follow-forward analyses of ADHD cases diagnosed in childhood, in one cohort.<\/span><\/div>\n

Method:<\/span>
\n Participants belonged to a representative birth cohort of 1,037 individuals born in Dunedin, New Zealand, in 1972 and 1973 and followed to age 38, with 95% retention. Symptoms of ADHD, associated clinical features, comorbid disorders, neuropsychological deficits, genome-wide association study-derived polygenic risk, and life impairment indicators were assessed. Data sources were participants, parents, teachers, informants, neuropsychological test results, and administrative records. Adult ADHD diagnoses used DSM-5 criteria, apart from onset age and cross-setting corroboration, which were study outcome measures.<\/span><\/p>\n

Results:<\/span>
\n As expected, childhood ADHD had a prevalence of 6% (predominantly male) and was associated with childhood comorbid disorders, neurocognitive deficits, polygenic risk, and residual adult life impairment. Also as expected, adult ADHD had a prevalence of 3% (gender balanced) and was associated with adult substance dependence, adult life impairment, and treatment contact. Unexpectedly, the childhood ADHD and adult ADHD groups comprised virtually nonoverlapping sets; 90% of adult ADHD cases lacked a history of childhood ADHD. Also unexpectedly, the adult ADHD group did not show tested neuropsychological deficits in childhood or adulthood, nor did they show polygenic risk for childhood ADHD.<\/span><\/p>\n

Conclusions:<\/span>
\n The findings raise the possibility that adults presenting with the ADHD symptom picture may not have a childhood-onset neurodevelopmental disorder. If this finding is replicated, then the disorder\u2019s place in the classification system must be reconsidered, and research must investigate the etiology of adult ADHD.<\/span><\/p>\n

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